Pretreatment with Taraxacum Mongolicum H(TMH) prior to the administration of on CCl4 significantly prevented the increased serum enzymatic activity of aminotransferase(ALT, AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT) and bilirubin concentration in dose-dependent manner. In addition, pretreatment with TMH also significantly restored the elevation of hepatic malondialdehyde formation and the depletion of reduced glutathione content in the liver CCl4-intoxicated rats. The restoration of microsomal aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities indicated the improvement in functional status of endoplasmic reticulum. CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was also essentially prevented, as indicated by a liver histopathologic study. TMH showed antioxidant effects in FeCl2-ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate and in superoxide radical scavenging activity. Our results suggest that the protective effect of TMH against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity possibly involve mechanisms related to its ability to block p450-mediated CCl4 bioactivation and free radical scavenging effects.
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We investigated whether oral administration with capsicum extract (Capsicum annuum var. cheongyang) would affect the immune system by examining the immune cells of Peyer\'s patch (PP), a gut associated lymphoid tissue, ex vivo. The mice were orally administrated with capsicum extract (100 mg/kg/day), capsaicin (10 mg/Kg), and the vehicle for four consecutive days, and PPs were isolated from intestines 2 days later. When the PP cells were cultured in the presence of Concanavalin A for 72 hr, the levels of cytokines, including IL-2 and IFN-γ, were dramatically increased, while the levels of IL-4 remained unchanged compared with the control. Data from the FACS analysis of PP cells indicated that capsicum extract significantly increased the number of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells as well as CD 19+ B cells compared with the control but not CD11b+ cells. Furthermore, the percentages of IL-2+ /CD4+ cells and IFN-γ+ /CD4+ were greatly increased. These data suggested that oraladministration with capsicum extract might activate the CD4+ T cells leading to cytokine production as well as CD19+ B cells in Peyer\'s patches. As such, capsicum extract might have potential as an immune modulating agent.
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Paeony flowers to separate substances contained in the ETOH extract the polyphenol materials sympathetic to the HPLC, anti-aging and whiting used in the cosmetics extract and comparing the results follows. Extracted by a different way to keep the flowers found in the experiment, after 1 year when stored frozen material and did not show changes in appearance. Concentrated extract by HPLC, investigated the content of the type of polyphenol naringin, sinapic acid, methyl gallate, syringic acid were detected, including 11 kinds. Learn anti-aging effect in the experiment for the EtOH 80% extract showed excellent efficacy in the remaining conditions were low. The whitening effect Peony Flower extract higher than arbutin paeoniflorin was the main ingredient.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of water extract from Artemisiae Argi Folium Fermented with Lactobacillus pentosus (AFL) on viability of human hepatocyte HepG2 cells treated with hepatotoxicants such as EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, acetaldehyde, and lipopolysaccharide. AFL (0~400 ug/mL) was treated with EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, acetaldehyde, and lipopolysaccharide. And the viability of HepG2 cells was measured by MTT assay. AFL at the high concentration such as 400 ug/mL showed to increase significantly viabilities of HepG2 cells compared with hepatotoxicants (EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, and lipopolysaccharide) only (p<0.05). AFL could be supposed to have the hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxicants such as gallic acid, EtOH, nicotine, acetaminophen, and lipopolysaccharide at the high concentration.
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